Clinical M

This input is used for staging

Notes

**Note 1:** Liver metastasis implies the presence of tumor inside the liver parenchyma as one or more nodules. * Do not code as liver metastasis when there is adherence to the liver capsule, even if extensive. For liver adherence, see T (primary tumor) **Note 2:** When a patient has more than one area of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), it is important to try to distinguish between intra-abdominal metastasis and tumor multiplicity. Distant metastases are relatively rare in GISTs, but they are increasingly detected with sophisticated radiological studies. Intra-abdominal metastasis will present as tumor involvement in the abdominal cavity outside the main tumor mass, in the peritoneum, omentum, serosae of organs, and the cul-de-sac, among other areas. * Assign this form of metastasis as cM1 **Note 3:** Tumor multiplicity, in contrast, will present with anatomically separate, multiple tumors of different sizes arising independently in the GI tract. This form of tumor multiplicity usually will be seen in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 or familial GIST syndrome, but in rare instances may be seen in patients without these conditions. This form of multiplicity should not be coded as metastasis, but the presence of multiple tumors should be coded in **Site-Specific Factor 15, Tumor Multiplicity**. * When a solitary omental or mesenteric tumor mass is found with a primary GIST elsewhere, do not code this as a metastasis. Code it as multiple tumors in **Site-Specific Factor 15, Tumor Multiplicity** * When multiple tumor areas are present and it is not stated whether these are metastases or independent tumors, consult with a physician if possible to determine how to code them. If a decision cannot be made, assign cM0 **Distant lymph nodes** Common iliac External iliac Superior mesenteric **Distant lymph nodes for rectosigmoid (C199)** Hemorrhoidal, inferior Internal iliac (hypogastric), NOS Obturator Rectal, inferior **Distant lymph nodes for rectum (C209)** Left colic **Distant metastasis** Ovary(ies) **Distant metastasis for rectosigmoid (C199)** Skeletal muscles of pelvic floor Vagina **Distant metastasis for rectum (C209)** Cervix Perineum, perianal skin Sacrum Sacral plexus

NAACCR Item

NAACCR #960
Clinical M Clinical M Display Description Registrar Notes
c0 cM0 No distant metastasis Unknown; distant metastasis not stated
Distant metastasis cannot be assessed
Not documented in patient record
c1 cM1 Distant metastasis CLINICAL assessment only:
Distant lymph node(s), NOS

Carcinomatosis

Distant metastasis WITH or WITHOUT distant lymph node(s)

Distant metastasis, NOS

Stated as M1
p1 pM1 Distant metastasis HISTOLOGICALLY confirmed:
Distant lymph node(s), NOS

Carcinomatosis

Distant metastasis WITH or WITHOUT distant lymph node(s)

Distant metastasis, NOS

Stated as M1
88 88 Not applicable In situ case but no pTis is defined by TNM
Death certificate only (DCO) case
<BLANK> BLANK See Registrar Notes Clinical classification criteria not met
Clinical classification criteria met, evaluation done:
No information about diagnostic workup
Results not documented in patient record
Clinical evaluation of T and N not done, no evidence metastatic disease
Tumor first detected on surgical resection (no clinical workup)
Only Clinical Stage Group documented (no T, N, or M information available)